There are several ways to check the glibc version that a binary file depends on::

  1. ldd command
ldd binary_file
  1. objdump, disassembly
objdump -T binary_file | grep -i glibc
  1. readelf
readelf -d binary_file | grep libc

check dynamic section to get libc version。

  1. check the source code repo

If you can access the source code, check the building scripts for the glibc version。

  1. rpm/deb package manage tools
    RPM
  2. gdb debugging
gdb binary_file
print (const char*) ELF->gnu_required->name 

show the glibc SONAME version when linking。

  1. strings extracting
strings binary_file | grep GLIBC

extracting glibc symbols version prefixes。